【EBB】照明辭典_周鼎金 ; 台灣區照明燈具輸出業同業公會

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[商品主貨號] U102017653

[ISBN-13碼] 9789578248984

[ISBN] 9578248989

[作者] 周鼎金 ; 台灣區照明燈具輸出業同業公會

[出版社] 品度

[出版日期] 2013/04/01

[內容簡介] (出版商制式文字, 不論標題或內容簡介是否有標示, 請都以『沒有附件、沒有贈品』為參考。)

本辭典編撰之目的，希望能提供照明從業相關人員與各界對照明有興趣者統一照明的術語，做為照明專業知識與技術之工具書，本辭典編排方式採照明基本原理、光源燈具、設計技術、等方式依序整理。本書適合建築業師、室內設計師、燈具業者、景觀造園設計師及大學相關科系與圖書館典藏。
第一章 照明的基礎

1-1 光的基本用語

光 light......................1

波長 wavelength；λ.........................1

波數 wave number；σ......................2

頻率 frequency....................................................2

不可見光 invisible radiation........................................2

紫外線 ultraviolet radiation；UV.............................................2

近紫外線 near ultraviolet radiation；UV-A........................................3

中紫外線 middle ultraviolet radiation；mean ultraviolet radiation；UV-B...............3

遠紫外線 far ultraviolet radiation；vacuum ultraviolet radiation；UV-C...........3

紅外線 infrared radiation；IR；IR-radiation...............................3

遠紅外線 far infrared radiation；long wavelength infrared radiation................3

近紅外線 near infrared radiation；short wavelength infrared radiation............3

遠紅色光 far-red light..................................................3

1-2 光的輻射特性

輻射 irradiation........................................................4

電磁輻射 electromagnetic radiation.....................................4

單色輻射 monochromatic radiation....................................... 4

單色模式 monochromatic mode (spectrophotometry)..........................4

輻射量 radiant quantities...................................................5

輻射能量 radiant energy；Qe；Q..........................................5

輻射功率；輻射通量 radiant power (radiant flux)；Φe；Φ；P.................5

輻射強度 radiant intensity；Ie；I.......................................5

輻射輝(亮)度 radiance；Le；L.....................................5

輻射發散度 radiant exitance；Me；M..............................6

輻射照度 irradiance；Ee；E......................................................6

光譜幅射照度 spectral irradiance.......................................................6

光譜輻亮度 spectral radiance.....................................................6

曝輻射量 radiant exposure；He；H.....................................................6

溫度輻射 temperature radiation.........................................7

目錄

- 2 -

輻射率 emissivity；ε.......................................................7

普朗克輻射體 Planckian radiator.......................................7

黑體 blackbody.........................................................................7

黑體輻射 blackbody radiation......................................................7

普朗克定律 Plank's law...........................................................7

韋恩定律 Wein's law of radiation.....................................................7

史蒂芬．波次曼定律 Stefan-Boltzmann's law..........................................8

史蒂芬．波次曼常數 Stefan-Boltzmann constant........................................8

灰色體 gray body；grey body.............................................8

選擇輻射體 selective radiator.....................................................8

非選擇輻射體 non-selective radiator.........................................8

分光反射率 spectral reflectance......................................................8

分 光 透 過 率 spectral transmittance.........................................8

克希荷夫定律 Kirchhoff's law............................................8

光學輻射 optical radiation...................................................9

可見輻射；可見光 visible radiation..........................................9

偏振輻射 polarized radiation...................................................9

線性偏振輻射 linearly polarized radiation......................................9

消偏振器 depolarizer.........................................................9

同干幅射 coherent radiation................................................9

光束幾何範圍 geometric extent (of a beam of rays)；G..............................9

球面積(射)照度；輻射流率 spherical irradiance；radiant fluence rate；Ee,o；Eo................10

輻射效率(輻射源的) radiant efficiency (of a source of radiation)；ηe；η.......10

光視效率(輻射的) luminous efficacy (of radiation)；K................................10

球面曝輻射量；輻射流量 radiant spherical exposure；radiant fluence；He,z；Hz...............10

圓柱面曝輻射量 radiant cylindrical exposure；He,z；Hz...........................11

等效對比度 equivalent (luminance) contrast.........................11

曝光計 exposure meter.............................................11

1-3 光的傳播特性

吸收 absorption................................................................12

吸收率 absorptance；α.................................................12

反射 reflection................................................................12

反射率 reflectance；ρ...............................................12

境界面反射 interfacial reflection.......................................13

鏡面反射 specular reflection........................................13

規則反射 regular reflection............................................13

規則反射比 regular reflectance........................................13

目錄

- 3 -

相互反射 interreflection；interflection..........................................13

擴散反射 diffuse reflection....................................................13

完全擴散反射 perfect diffuse reflection........................................................................14

完全擴散反射面 perfect reflecting diffuser.................................................................14

均勻擴散反射 uniform diffuse reflection.........................................................................14

均勻擴散反射面 uniform reflecting diffuser................................................................14

朗伯餘弦定律 Lambert's cosine law..............................................................................14

朗伯面 Lambertian surface...........................................................................................15

混合反射 mixed reflection.........................................................................................15

逆反射 retroreflection.................................................................................................15

逆反射比 retroreflectance..........................................................................................16

逆反射性元素 retroreflective element..........................................................................16

逆反射材料....................................................................................................................16

逆反射器 retroreflector .............................................................................................16

光澤 gloss (of a surface) ….............................................................................................16

光澤度 glossiness...........................................................................................................17

透射 transmission..........................................................................................................17

透射率 transmittance；τ...............................................................................................17

半透明 translucency.......................................................................................................18

直透射 direct transmission...........................................................................................18

規則透射 regular transmission....................................................................................18

正透射率 regular transmittance....................................................................................18

擴散透射 diffuse transmission........................................................................................18

擴散透射率 diffuse transmittance.................................................................................18

均勻擴散透射 uniform diffuse transmission...................................................................18

完全擴散透射 perfect diffuse transmission.....................................................................19

混合透射 mixed transmission.................................................................................19

完全擴散透射面 perfect transmitting diffuser...........................................................19

均勻擴散透射面 uniform transmitting diffuser............................................................19

折射 refraction...............................................................................................................19

折射率 refractive index................................................................................................20

干涉 interference........................................................................................................20

繞射 diffraction............................................................................................................20

漫射 diffusion...........................................................................................................20

散射 scattering.........................................................................................................20

漫射體 diffuser............................................................................................................20

漫反射比 diffuse reflectance................................................................................20

目錄

- 4 -

各向同性漫反射 isotropic diffuse reflection.................................................................20

各向同性漫透射 isotropic diffuse transmission..........................................................21

入射輻射束之幾何特性 influx geometry；irradiation geometry；incidence geometry...21

中性頻譜；非選擇性頻譜 spectrally neutral ................................................................21

1-4 光的理化效應

光泵 optical pumping...........................................................................................22

光電效應 photoelectric effect.....................................................................................22

光電子發射效應 photoemissive effect............................................................................22

光電導性效應 photoconductive effect...........................................................................22

光生伏打效應 photovoltaic effect..................................................................................23

光解 photolysis.........................................................................................................23

光電管 photoemissive cell；phototube............................................................................23

光電池 photovoltaic cell...........................................................................................23

光導管 photoconductive cell.......................................................................................23

光敏電阻 photoresistor...............................................................................................23

光效應 photoeffect......................................................................................................23

感光度 actinism.........................................................................................................23

光化性 actinic..........................................................................................................24

直接光化學效應 direct actinic effect............................................................................24

間接光化學效應 indirect actinic effect...........................................................................24

自然光化學效應 natural actinic effect............................................................................24

量子效率 quantum efficiency；quantum yield...............................................................24

光電倍增管 photomultiplier.......................................................................................24

光敏作用 photosensitization................................................................................24

光合作用 photosynthesis............................................................................................24

作用光譜 action spectrum..........................................................................................25

1-5 測光量單位

測光量 luminous quantities；photometric quantities.......................................................26

球面度 steradian；sr....................................................................................................26

光通量 luminous flux；Φv；Φ...................................................................................26

光子通量 photon flux；ΦP；Φ......................................................................................26

流明 lumen；lm............................................................................................................27

光通量密度 luminous flux density..............................................................................27

光量 quantity of light；QV；Q........................................................................................27

照度 illuminance；EV；E......................................................................................27

勒克斯 lux；lx.............................................................................................................27

目錄

- 5 -

發光強度 luminous intensity；Iv；I.............................................................................28

坎德拉 candela；cd................................................................................................28

燭光 candle-power..........................................................................................29

輝度(亮度) luminance；LV；L..................................................................................29

正常瞳孔輝度 natural pupil luminance.....................................................................30

亮度 brightness；luminosity..........................................................................................30

尼特 nit；nt................................................................................................................30

坎德拉每平方米 candela per square meter；cd/m2......................................................31

阿熙提 apostilb；asb..................................................................................................30

熙提 stilb；sb.............................................................................................................30

朗伯 lambert；L......................................................................................................30

英呎朗伯 footlambert；fL...........................................................................................31

輻透 photo；ph..........................................................................................................30

英呎燭光 footcandela；fc.......................................................................................30

點光源 point source.......................................................................................................31

平方反比定律 inverse-square law................................................................................31

照度的入射角餘弦定律 cosine law of incident angle for illuminance...........................32

直接照度 direct illuminance.....................................................................................33

間接照度 indirect illuminance....................................................................................33

水平面照度 horizontal illuminance............................................................................33

垂直面照度 vertical illuminance.................................................................................33

法線面照度 normal illuminance.................................................................................33

平均球面照度 mean spherical illuminance...................................................................34

標量照度 scalar illuminance.....................................................................................34

平均圓柱面照度 mean cylindrical illuminance............................................................34

半圓筒面照度 semi-cylindrical illuminance.................................................................34

半球面照度 semi-spherical illuminance；scalar illuminance...........................................34

曝光 luminous exposure；light exposure......................................................................34

光束發散度 luminous exitance；Mv；M.....................................................................35

弧度勒克斯 radlux；rlx.............................................................................................35

光能 luminous energy..............................................................................................35

(圓)柱面輻(射)照度 cylindrical irradiance；Ee,z；Ez.......................................................35

光源的光視效能 luminous efficacy (of a source)；ηv；η.................................................35

等價輝度(等效亮度) equivalent luminance；Leq.........................................................36

輝點照度 point brilliance；Ev；E..................................................................................36

簡化輝度(亮度)係數 reduced luminance coefficient (for a point on a surface)；r…....36 目錄

- 6 -

1-6 照明基本用語

照明 lighting；illumination........................................................................................37

照明設備 lighting installation....................................................................................37

室內照明 interior lighting；indoor lighting...................................................................37

公共照明 public lighting...........................................................................................37

照明工程(照明技術) illuminating engineering；lighting technology...............................37

採光 daylighting.................................................................................................37

光環境 lighted environment....................................................................................37

照明環境 luminous environment...........................................................................38

人工照明 electric lighting；artificial lighting...............................................................38

非成像光學 non imaging optics...............................................................................38

國際照明委員 Commission International de I'Eclairage..........................................38

北美照明協會 Illuminating Engineering Society Of North America；IESNA.................38

國際照明產業聯盟 Zhaga........................................................................................39

第二章 照明與視覺

2-1 眼睛的構造與功能

眼球 eye ball...............................................................................................................41

鞏膜 sclera...................................................................................................................41

角膜 cornea.............................................................................................................41

虹膜 iris.......................................................................................................................42

瞳孔 pupil.......................................................................................................................42

水晶體 lens...............................................................................................................42

視神經 optic nerve.....................................................................................................42

視網膜 retina..............................................................................................................42

錐狀體 cones...............................................................................................................43

桿狀體 rods...............................................................................................................43

黃斑 yellow spot；macula lutea.......................................................................................43

中央窩 fovea；fovea centralis..........................................................................................43

小窩 foveola……………............................................................................)

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